【目的】 旨在探索紫外线照射对家蚕核型多角体病毒（Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus，BmNPV）的灭活方法及效果验证。【方法】 比较筛选不同功率、不同照射距离和时间的紫外线照射方法，以照射后病毒感染家蚕的存活率评估灭活效果；结合长链PCR技术对病毒结构糖蛋白P40基因的灭活效果进行分子检测，并通过扫描电镜观察灭活病毒粒子的结构形态；最后评价紫外线直接照射家蚕的安全性。  【结果】 生物学实验结果初步表明，病毒在60 W紫外线距离40 cm处照射60 min，感染家蚕5 d后的存活率为63.33%，显著高于病毒对照组家蚕存活率45%（P=0.014 2）。相同照射距离，15和30 W紫外线照射时间大于120 min时，存活率高于63.33%。照射距离大于100 cm时，家蚕存活率明显下降，180 min照射组与病毒对照组差异不显著（P=0.058 8）。长链PCR检测显示，5×10⁶个/mL低浓度病毒在15 W紫外线距离 40 cm照射60 min后，无明显条带出现，而5×10⁸个/mL高浓度病毒在相同条件下照射480 min无明显条带出现，后者的病毒粒子形态与正常病毒无明显差别。紫外线直接照射家蚕的安全性实验表明，有薄膜覆盖的家蚕无明显影响，无薄膜覆盖的家蚕在距离40 cm照射10 min和距离100 cm照射30 min，体色开始出现黑化，经过眠期蜕皮后，体色恢复正常并可正常结茧。【结论】 紫外线照射BmNPV的灭活效果与紫外灯功率、照射距离和时间以及病毒浓度有关，随着照射时间增加，灭活病毒感染家蚕的存活率增加，病毒核酸破坏程度越完全。在紫外线照射距离40 cm以上，至少需要照射60 min才能有效灭活低浓度BmNPV，且对家蚕具有安全性保障。

[Aim]  The aim of this study is to explore the inactivation method and verify the effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation on the Bombyx mori (silkworm) nuclear polyhedrosis virus. [Methods]  We evaluated the effectiveness of different UV irradiation methods, differing in power and irradiation distance and time, on the inactivation effect of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus. This was determined based on the survival rate of silkworm fed with the virus post-irradiation. We analyzed the inactivation effect on the P40 gene, a structural glycoprotein of the virus, using long chain PCR technology. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the structural morphology of the inactivated virus particles. Finally, we evaluated the impact of direct ultraviolet radiation on silkworms. [Results]  Silkworm exposed to 60 W of ultraviolet radiation at 40 cm for 60 min had a significantly higher survival rate compared to the virus control group, with survival rates of 63.33% and 45%, respectively (P=0.014 2). However, the survival rate of the 60 W exposure group was lower compared to the 15 and 30 W ultraviolet radiation exposure groups when the exposure distance remained at 40 cm, but the exposure time was extended to 120 min. At a radiation distance of 100 cm, the inactivation effect was poor, and there was no significant difference in the survival rate between the 180 min UV exposure groups and the virus control group(P=0.058 8). Long PCR detection using low concentration virus suspensions showed no obvious bands after 60 min of exposure to 15 W UV radiation at 40 cm. Conversely, high concentration virus suspensions required 480 min of irradiation under the same conditions to show no obvious band. Additionally, there was no significant change in the morphology of the virus particles compared to control virus group. Exposure to direct UV radiation had no significant effect on silkworms that were covered with a protective film. In contrast, the bodies of unprotected silkworms began to darken after 10 min of exposure at 40 cm and 30 min of exposure at 100 cm. Interestingly, the silkworm’s body color reverted and proceeded to cocoon normally after molting during the rest phase. [Conclusion]  The inactivation effect of UV irradiation on BmNPV was influenced by several factors, including UV intensity, irradiation distance and time, and virus concentration. As the irradiation time increased, the survival rate of the silkworm fed with the virus post-irradiation increased, and the level of nucleic acid destruction of the virus became more absolute. A UV irradiation distance exceeding 40 cm for or a minimum duration of 60 min inactivates the low concentration BmNPV while protecting silkworms from the adverse effects of UV radiation.