定量评价捕食性天敌功能——单克隆抗体技术
Monoclonal antibody——a powerful tool forquantitatively evaluating predatory function
原 鑫1 ,赵伟春2, 程家安1, 祝增荣1**
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作者单位：1. 水稻生物学重点实验室，浙江大学昆虫科学研究所，杭州 310058；2. 浙江中医药大学生物工程学院，杭州 310053
中文关键词：捕食者，猎物，定量，单克隆抗体，酶联免疫吸附试验
英文关键词： predator, prey, quantitative, monoclonal antibody, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
中文摘要： 如何将定性捕食的数据转化为定量的数据是评价捕食性天敌功能的一大挑战。酶联免疫吸附测定（Ezyme-linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA）成功地解决了这一难题。该ELISA具有灵敏度高、成本低、操作简便、可大批量检测样品等独特的优点，即使20世纪末以来大规模应用的聚合酶链式反应（Polymerase chain reaction, PCR）及新一代测序技术应用，也并未完全取代ELISA。由于单抗具有高度特异性和均质性，同时结合了ELISA检测方法具有成本低、大批量样品快速检测等优点，在很大程度上改进了节肢动物捕食作用的研究方法。本文以利用褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens单抗评价稻田拟环纹豹蛛 Pardosa pseudoannulata对褐飞虱的控制作用为例，阐述基于单抗的ELISA检测技术用于捕食作用评价的技术路线及应用前景等。
英文摘要：
Although molecular analysis techniques enable the detection of the relationship between predators and their prey most of these methods are qualitative. The challenge is to transform qualitative assay results into quantitative data. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, ease of use and high throughput, and consequently is one of the most effective methods to conquer this challenge. These advantages make ELISA irreplaceable, even since the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and new generation sequence technology have become widely used. Monoclonal antibodies, with their high specificity and homogeneity, combined with ELISA’s low-cost, rapid analysis of large-scale samples, improves the available methods for the evaluation of arthropod predation. In this introductory essay, we use monoclonal antibody to evaluate predation of the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens by the wolf spider Pardosa pseudoannulata as an example, and present the main roadmap of the technique and its applications.