定量评价天敌控害功能的生态能学方法
Quantitative evaluation of the biological control value of predatory insects based on ecological energetic analyses
戈 峰** ,欧阳芳
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作者单位：中国科学院动物研究所 农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室 北京 100101
中文关键词： 捕食性天敌，害虫，控害功能，生态能量学，定量评价
英文关键词： predatory insects, pest insects, biological control, ecological energetics, quantitative evaluating
中文摘要：
由于昆虫的能量完全来自于寄主，因此昆虫摄入的能量相当于食物的被取食消耗量。生态能量学方法的基本原理就是捕食性天敌完全依靠捕食猎物（害虫）而获取能量。显然，捕食性天敌摄入的能量就相当于为猎物（害虫）的被捕食消耗量，也即是捕食性天敌摄入量等于猎物（害虫）的被捕食消耗量。由此，可通过研究捕食性天敌和害虫种群的能量动态，定量分析捕食性天敌对害虫的控制作用。本文详细论述了生态能量学方法的基本原理、测算方法，并以棉田捕食性瓢虫类捕食作用为例，介绍了该方法的应用，为定量评价天敌的控害作用提供了一种新方法。
英文摘要： Based on the principle of ecological energetics, predatory insects depend completely on their prey to acquire energy. The energy ingested by predatory insects is therefore equivalent to the energy of their prey. According to the population energy dynamics of pest and predatory insects, the biological control of natural enemy insects can be quantitatively evaluated. In this paper, we discuss the principles of ecological energetics and calculation methods. We then use these methods to quantitatively evaluate the biological control value of predatory beetles in cotton agro-ecosystems. Ecological energetic analyses provide a new method to evaluate the biological control value of natural enemy insects in agro-ecosystems.