北京多普勒天气雷达上的昆虫回波分析
Analysis of the echoes of migrating insects detected by Beijing Doppler weather radar
焦热光1, 4, 5** 张 智2, 3** 石广玉1 张云慧2***
点击：1196次 下载：12次
DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2018.026
作者单位：1. 中国科学院大气物理研究所，北京 100029；2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室， 北京 100193；3. 北京市植物保护站，北京 100029；4. 京津冀环境气象预报预警中心，北京 100089； 5. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049
中文关键词： 天气雷达，晴空回波，昆虫迁飞，昆虫雷达
英文关键词：Doppler weather radar, clear air echo, migrating insects, entomological radar
中文摘要： 【目的】 为了解北京多普勒天气雷达上的昆虫回波信息，探索其在迁飞害虫监测预警中的应用。【方法】 选取北京南郊观象台新一代天气雷达CINRAD-SA积累的晴空回波数据和风廓线雷达提供的风速风向数据，基于有关软件分析了昆虫回波的特点，讨论了降水等其他因素对昆虫迁飞的影响。【结果】 新一代天气雷达可以探测到空中迁飞昆虫引发的后向散射回波，晴空回波日节律符合夜行性昆虫的朦影起飞和日出降落的行为特点，晴空回波出现的时期是3月至11月，中间有2个高峰期；晴空回波数量与风向关系密切，当天气系统合适时，晴空回波会出现成层和共同定向现象；此外，降水会中断昆虫迁飞。【结论】 北京多普勒天气雷达可以探测昆虫迁飞，在迁飞性害虫监测预警及其综合防控工作中具有重大的潜在应用价值，今后农业部门在优先建立昆虫雷达网络的同时，应加强与气象部门合作，发挥天气雷达的补充作用，共同提高迁飞性害虫的监测预警水平。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To determine the feasibility of using Beijing Doppler weather radar to observe migratory insect pests. [Methods] the characteristics of clear air echoes and related factors were assessed from Beijing CINRAD-SA Doppler radar data and Wind profiler radar data with the related program in computer. [Results] Beijing CINRAD-SA Doppler radar can detect clear air echoes caused by migratory insects. The number of clear air echoes detected accorded with the behavioral rhythm of nocturnal insects; taking off in dawn and landing sunrise. Clear air echoes of migratory insects appeared from March to November. There were 2 peaks during this period. The magnitude of echoes were closely related to wind direction. When the weather system was appropriate, layer and collective orientation behaviors were apparent on Beijing CINRAD-SA Doppler radar. Rain can interrupt insect migration. [Conclusion] Beijing CINRAD-SA Doppler radar is of great potential in observing insect migration. To provide better forecasting information of migratory insect pests, agricultural departments should develop an entomological radar network in future. In additional, such networks can be augmented by weather radar systems.