饵料蛋白质含量对德国小蠊雄成虫氧化应激及尿酸分解的影响
Effects of dietary protein content on oxidative stress and uric acid decomposition in Blattella germanica (Blattaria: Blattellidae)
张碧尧，陈建华，骆显玫，王国红
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.141
作者单位：福建师范大学生命科学学院，细胞逆境响应与代谢调控福建省高校重点实验室，福州 350108
中文关键词：德国小蠊；蛋白质含量；抗氧化；尿酸分解通路
英文关键词：Blattella germanica, protein content, uric acid decomposition, antioxidant
中文摘要：【目的】 本研究旨在探索饵料蛋白质含量对德国小蠊雄成虫氧化应激及尿酸分解通路的影响，为德国小蠊新型饵剂的开发提供理论基础。【方法】 设置蛋白质含量为5%、25%、45%和65%的饵料饲喂德国小蠊后，采用紫外分光光度法测定不同蛋白质含饵料对德国小蠊超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性和丙二醛含量的影响；利用RT-PCR测定尿酸氧化酶、尿囊素酶、尿囊酸酶、脲酶以及谷氨酰胺合成酶基因的相对表达量。【结果】 取食添加45%蛋白质饵料的德国小蠊雄成虫体内SOD活性显著高于取食添加5%、25%和65%蛋白质饵料（P<0.05），但取食添加5%、25%和65%蛋白质饵料的德国小蠊雄成虫体内SOD活性差异不显著（P>0.05）。取食添加65%蛋白质饵料的德国小蠊存活率最低，SOD活性和尿酸氧化酶基因表达量最低，而体内丙二醛含量及尿囊素酶、尿囊酸酶、脲酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶基因表达量最高。【结论】 高蛋白下德国小蠊仍储存尿酸，过高尿酸可导致德国小蠊抗氧化能力下降，存活率降低。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To investigate effects of diet
protein content on oxidative stress and uric acid decomposition pathways in the
German cockroach (Blattella germanica), thereby providing a
theoretical basis for the development of novel cockroach baits. [Methods] German cockroaches were randomly assigned to
one of four treatment groups which were fed diets with a protein content of
either 5%, 25%, 45% or 65%. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was then used to
determine the superoxide dismutase activity and
malondialdehyde content of each treatment group. In addition, RT-PCR was used
to determine the gene expression levels of the urate oxidase, allantoinase,
allantoidase, urease, and glutamine synthesis enzyme, genes. [Results] Superoxide dismutase activity in adult males fed the 45% protein diet was significantly
higher than that of those fed the 5%, 25% and 65% protein diets, but was not
significantly different to that of larvae fed the 5%, 25% and 65% protein diets（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in SOD activity between male and
female cockroaches（P>0.05）. Cockroaches fed the 65% protein diet had the lowest survival rate, the
lowest SOD activity and urate oxidase gene expression, but the highest in
vivo malondialdehyde content and allantoidase, urease and glutamine
synthase gene expression. [Conclusion] German cockroaches store uric acid under high
protein conditions, which can reduce their antioxidant capacity and survival
rate.