暗期LED彩色光源闪烁对斜纹夜蛾生长发育及繁殖的影响
Effects of exposing Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to flashing colored LED lights during the scotophase on the growth, development and reproduction of this species
钟春兰，朱地福，程禹朦，刘子航，付子欣，王剑颖，龚慧蓉，涂小云
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.143
作者单位：江西师范大学生命科学学院，南昌 330022
中文关键词：斜纹夜蛾；闪烁；LED；生长发育；繁殖
英文关键词：Spodoptera litura; flashing; LED light; growth and development; reproduction
中文摘要：【目的】 为明确暗期LED彩色光源闪烁对斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura生长发育和繁殖的影响。【方法】 试验组设置3个处理，即光源频率为2.5 Hz时，变色灯带颜色选择红光、绿光和蓝光（标记为14L∶10FR-G-B-2.5Hz）和红光、绿光、蓝光、黄光、紫光和白光（标记为14L∶10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-2.5Hz），光源频率为0.5 Hz时，变色灯带颜色选择红光、绿光、蓝光、黄光、紫光和白光（标记为14L∶10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-0.5Hz），对照组光周期为14L∶10D，观察斜纹夜蛾卵期、幼虫期、蛹期和成虫期并计算卵孵化率、化蛹率、成虫羽化率、发育历期和成虫寿命等参数。【结果】 暗期LED彩色光源闪烁对斜纹夜蛾孵化率、化蛹率和羽化率均无显著影响（P>0.05），对卵期和雌幼虫期亦无显著影响（P>0.05），14L∶10FR-G-B-2.5Hz显著延长了雄幼虫期（22.5 d）；各试验组的蛹期（雌：19.0、19.6 和18.9 d；雄：22.4、23.2和22.0 d）均较对照组（雌：18.2 d；雄：20.8 d）显著延长（P=0.000），且雄蛹期显著长于雌蛹期（P=0.000），14L∶10FR-G-B-2.5Hz和14L∶10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-2.5Hz使雄蛹重（分别是0.227 g和0.228 g）显著增加；各试验组成虫寿命（雌：16.8、18.2和16.8 d；雄：18.3、18.1和19.3 d）和产卵前期（5.2、6.1和5.1 d）均显著长于对照组（雌雄成虫寿命分别是13.1和13.3 d，产卵前期是3.2 d，P<0.05），但对产卵历期和产卵量无显著影响。【结论】10 lx的3种彩色光源闪烁对斜纹夜蛾生长发育有影响，尤其是对雄幼虫期、雌雄蛹期及成虫寿命有显著性，且因彩色光源组分及闪烁频率不同而异，但对斜纹夜蛾繁殖影响不大。
英文摘要：[Objectives] To
understand the effects of exposure to flashing, colored LED lights during the
scotophase on the growth, development and reproduction of Spodoptera litura. [Methods] Insects were randomly assigned to one of three
treatment groups: 14L:10FR-G-B-2.5Hz, 14L:10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-2.5Hz and
14L∶10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-0.5Hz (R, G, B, Y, P and W
represent red, green, blue, yellow, purple and white light respectively, and
the numeric subscripts 2.5 and 0.5 represent the light conversion frequency of
different colored LEDs). The control group was kept under a standard
photoperiod of 14L∶10D. The
durations of the egg, larval and pupal stages, adult longevity, number of eggs laid per
female, hatching rate, pupation rate
and adult eclosion rate, were recorded and compared. [Results] Exposure to flashing colored
LED lights in the scotophase had no significant effect on the hatching rate,
pupation rate or adult eclosion rate (P>0.05). There were also
no significant effect on the duration of the egg or female larval
stages (P>0.05), but the duration of the male larval stage
was significantly prolonged by the 14L∶10FR-G-B-2.5Hz treatment (22.5 d) compared to the control. Pupal duration in
all three treatment groups was significantly longer (♀: 19.0, 19.6 and 18.9 d; ♂:
22.4, 23.2 and 22.0 d) than in the control (♀: 18.2 d;
♂: 20.8 d) (P=0.000). Male pupal
duration was significantly longer than female pupal duration (P=0.000),
and male pupal weights in the 14L∶10FR-G-B-2.5Hz treatment
group (0.227 g) and 14L∶10FR-G-B-Y-P-W-2.5Hz treatment group (0.228 g) were significantly heavier than those of the
control group (0.216 g). Adult
longevity and the pre-oviposition period of all three treatment groups were
significantly prolonged (adult longevity: ♀: 16.8, 18.2 and 16.8 d; ♂:
18.3, 18.1and 19.3; pre-oviposition
period: 5.2, 6.1 and 5.1 d)
compared to the control group (adult
longevity: ♀13.1 d, ♂13.3 d; pre-oviposition period: 3.2 d; P<0.05). However, exposure to flashing, colored LED lights had no
significant effect on the oviposition period or the number of eggs laid per
female. [Conclusion] Exposure
to flashing, colored LED lights (10 lx) during the scotophase affected the
growth and development of S. litura, especially the duration
of the male larval stage, the duration of the female and male pupal stage, and adult longevity. Effects varied
with the color of the LED lights and the frequency at which they flashed.
However, exposure to flashing, colored LED lights had little effect on the
reproduction of S. litura.