中国蜜蜂产业生产发展分析
Developmental analysis of apicultural industry in China
曾蜜，周伟良，颜伟玉，曾志将
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2022.149
作者单位：江西省蜜蜂生物学与饲养重点实验室，南昌 330045
中文关键词：蜜蜂；产业发展；蜂蜜；中国
英文关键词：honeybee; development of industry; honey; China
中文摘要：【目的】 本研究旨在系统分析并评价我国蜜蜂产业生产发展的情况。【
方法】 基于1981-2020年我国蜜蜂产业的时间序列数据，选取蜂群饲养量、蜂蜜年产量、蜂群蜂蜜单产量、蜂蜜生产者价格、蜂蜜生产价格指数等作为衡量蜜蜂产业生产发展的指标。【
结果】 2016-2020年中国蜂群饲养量占比世界蜂群饲养量的10.43%，且中国蜂群饲养量稳居世界第二；2006年后，中国蜂蜜年产量占比世界蜂蜜年产量的25.11%-26.76%，成为世界蜂蜜年产量第一大国；中国蜂群蜂蜜单产量水平虽然一直高于世界平均水平，但与加拿大和澳大利亚等发达国家相比，还存在一定差距；蜂蜜年产量、蜂群饲养量和蜂群蜂蜜单产量三者间相关系数都大于0.98；建立二次非线性模型，能较好地反映蜂蜜产量与蜂群数量、蜂蜜单产量之间的非线性关系；中国蜂蜜生产者价格一直低于世界以及五大洲平均水平，且
中国蜂蜜生产价格指数不够稳定。【
结论】
40年（1981-2020年）以来，中国蜜蜂产业生产得到了快速发展，但仍然存在差距和问题，蜜蜂产业生产存在一定风险，政府应加强对蜜蜂产业宏观调控与引导，以促进我国蜜蜂产业健康发展。
英文摘要：[Objectives] The objective is to systematically evaluate the development of apicultural
industry in within the country. [Methods] Based on the time series data from 1981 to
2020, the number of honeybee colonies, overall annual honey yield, honey yield per
colony, honey producer price, honey production price index, etc. were selected
as the indicators to infer the development of apicultural industry. [Results] The results showed that from 2016 to 2020, the
number of bee colonies in China accounted for 10.43% of the global honeybee
colonies, ranking the second in the world. After 2006, our annual honey
production accounted for 25.11%-26.76% of the world's annual output, becoming
the largest country in terms of annual honey output. Although the production per
colony has been higher than the world average, there is still a certain gap
compared with Canada, Australia and other developed countries. The correlation
coefficient among the annual honey yield, the number of honeybee colonies and
the production per colony was higher than 0.98. The secondary nonlinear model
was established, which can better characterize the nonlinear relationship
between honey yield, the number of honeybee colonies and honey yield per colony.
Chinese honey producer prices have been lower than the average of five
continent, and the Chinese honey production price index was not stable enough. [Conclusion] In the past 40 years (1981-2020), our apicultural
industry has developed rapidly, but there are still gaps and problems, as well
as. The governmental macro-control and guidance could strength the healthy
development of our apicultural industry.