随着生物信息学的快速发展，昆虫基因组学的研究拓展到了药用昆虫领域。目前，美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana、白蜡虫Ericerus pela、角倍蚜Schlechtendalia chinensis、眼斑芫菁Mylabris cichorii、中华豆芫菁Epicauta chinensis、圆点斑芫菁Mylabris aulica、家蚕Bombyx mori、柞蚕Antheraea pernyi及天蚕蛾Antheraea yamamai 9种药用昆虫已完成基因组测序和深入分析。本文综述了我国药用昆虫基因组学研究的现状，介绍了代表性药用昆虫的药效药理和基因组特征信息，从基因组等多组学角度系统总结了药用昆虫药理活性成分及合成机制等研究进展，并展望了基因组学研究应用于药用昆虫中药材开发与生产的前景。

With the rapid development of bioinformatics, insect genomics researches have been extended to the field of medicinal insects. At present, the genome of medicinal insects, for instance, Periplaneta american, Ericerus pela, Schlechtendalia chinensis, Mylabris cichorii, Epicauta chinensis, Mylabris aulica, Bombyx mori, Antheraea pernyi, Antheraea yamamai, have been sequenced, assembled and well analyzed. Here, we review the present research status of genomics researches on medicinal insects. From the perspective of multi-omics, the genome features of these medicinal insects were summarized, including the research progress of pharmacological active ingredients and the synthesis mechanism of medicinal insects. Besides, the prospects of applying the genomics researches on the development and production of insect medicinal materials are discussed.