基于线粒体COⅠ基因的荔枝蒂蛀虫 种群遗传多样性分析
Genetic diversity of geographic populations of Conopomorpha sinensis based on the variation in the mitochondrial COⅠ gene
常 虹，高 燕，王思威，王潇楠，刘艳萍
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.132
作者单位：广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所
中文关键词：荔枝蒂蛀虫；地理种群；COⅠ基因；遗传多样性；遗传分化
英文关键词：Conopomorpha sinensis; geographic populations; COⅠ gene; genetic diversity; genetic differentiation
中文摘要：
【目的】 利用COⅠ基因片段揭示我国13个地理种群荔枝蒂蛀虫Conopomorpha sinensis的遗传结构及遗传多样性。【方法】 对采自13个地理种群258个荔枝蒂蛀虫的COⅠ基因片段进行PCR扩增并测序，利用生物信息学方法对种群的单倍型组成、遗传分化、基因流及遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】 经比对分析，258个样本扩增得到的COⅠ基因片段长度为1 349 bp，共分析出56种单倍型，共享和特有单倍型的共存表明种群间既有基因交流又存在遗传分化；其中Hap_4为各种群均存在的单倍型，推测该单倍型是比较原始的，且适应力强，能在荔枝蒂蛀虫种群中稳定存在。遗传多样性结果显示其具有较高的单倍型多样性（Hd）和较低的核苷酸多样性（Pi）。种群间总的固定系数（Fst）和基因流（Nm）分别为0.085和5.382，表明各地理种群间基因流水平较高。【结论】 荔枝蒂蛀虫在各地理种群间具有较频繁的基因交流，总群体在近期可能经历了快速的增长，核苷酸突变累积时间不足，导致其具有较高的单倍型多样性和较低的核苷酸多样性。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] To reveal the genetic structure and diversity of 13 geographical populations of Conopomorpha sinensis in China by analyzing variation in the COⅠgene fragment. [Methods] COⅠ gene fragments of 258 C. sinensis specimens from 13 geographical populations were amplified using PCR and sequenced. Based on the sequences obtained, haplotype composition, genetic diversity and genetic differentiation, of the geographic populations were analyzed with bioinformatic methods. [Results] The length of the COⅠ gene fragment amplified from the 258 specimens was 1 349 bp. 56 haplotypes were identified, including 14 common haplotypes and 42 population-specific haplotypes, which indicates a relatively high level of gene flow and genetic differentiation among geographic populations. Haplotype 4 is a common haplotype among all 13 geographical populations, indicating that it is relatively primitive, adaptable and stable in C. sinensis. Genetic diversity analysis indicates that geographical populations of C. sinensis have high haplotype diversity (Fst) and low nucleotide diversity (Nm). The fixed coefficient (Fst) and gene flow (Nm) for all specimens were 0.085 and 5.382, respectively, indicating a high level of gene flow among populations. [Conclusion] There is evidence of frequent gene exchange between different geographical populations of C. sinensis. The total population may have experienced rapid growth in the past, but there has been insufficient time to accumulate nucleotide mutations, resulting in a relatively high level of haplotype diversity, but a low level of nucleotide diversity.