【目的】 明确短时温度胁迫对蝇蛹俑小蜂Splangia endius的影响，探究蝇蛹俑小蜂的低龄期阶段对高温或低温胁迫的耐受性差异。【方法】 将被蝇蛹俑小蜂寄生1、2、4和6 d后的家蝇蛹分别置于40 ℃或5 ℃条件下，处理4 h后置于室温（24 ℃）饲养，解剖观察蝇蛹俑小蜂各虫态的发育历期及成蜂寿命。【结果】 经高温或低温胁迫处理后，蝇蛹俑小蜂各虫态的发育历期受到明显的影响。寄生后不同时间进行高温胁迫处理，蛹历期受到的影响较大，各处理与对照均有显著差异（高温：F_4,145=21.122，P<0.001；低温：F_4,145=3.387，P<0.05），在2日龄进行高温胁迫处理后寄生蜂的蛹期较其他处理大大缩短，仅4.00 d；低温胁迫后各日龄处理的寄生蜂的卵期、预蛹期和蛹期均延长，且长于高温胁迫后的处理，以预蛹期延长最为显著。温度胁迫对成蜂的寿命影响不大，但雌雄蜂寿命在温度胁迫后表现出不同的差异。温度胁迫后，雌雄蜂的后足胫节长度均显著短于对照。【结论】 短时高温或低温胁迫均影响蝇蛹俑小蜂的生长发育，卵对温度胁迫更加敏感。

[Objectives]  The organisms are forced to face the challenge of extreme high temperature or cold weather for growth, development, reproduction and survival. We aimed to explore the effect of short-term temperature stress on Spalangia endius, to understand the differences in the tolerance on heat or cold stress when they were in low-age stage. [Methods]  The house fly pupae were placed at 40 ℃ or 5 ℃ for 4 hours after parasized by Spalangia endius 1 day, 2 days, 4 days, 6 days later, and then raised at 24 ℃, dissected and observe development duration and adult longevity of S. endius. [Results]  The results showed that short-term temperature stress had significant effects on the development duration of S. endius. Heat stress had the greatest effect on the pupal stages, significant differences were found between each treatment and the control (heat stress: F_4,145=21.122, P<0.001; cold stress: F_4,145=3.387, P<0.05). When the 2-day-old parastitoids were treated by heat stress, the pupal stages were only 4.00 days, greatly shortened than the other treatments. The durations of egg, prepupal and pupal stages of the parastitoids were significantly prolonged after cold stress treatment, which were longer than heat stress treatments. The extension of prepupal stages was the most significantly. The temperature stress had little effect on the longevity of adult, but the longevity of female and male showed different differences. After the temperature stress, the adult hind tibia length of female or male were significantly shorter than that of control. [Conclusion]  The short-term heat stress or cold stress affects the growth and development of S. endius, the eggs were more sensitive to the temperature stress.