草原毛虫寄生蝇物种鉴定及其 系统发育研究
Species identification and phylogenetic studies of parasitic fly in Gynaephora qinghaiensis
王海贞，张剑霜
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DOI：10.7679/j.issn.2095-1353.2023.149
作者单位：吕梁学院生物与食品工程系
中文关键词：草原毛虫寄生蝇；物种鉴定；系统发育；生物防治
英文关键词：parasitic fly in Gynaephora qinghaiensis; species identification; phylogeny; biological control
中文摘要：
【目的】 充分挖掘草原毛虫Gynaephora qinghaiensis寄生天敌资源应用于草原毛虫的生物防治。【方法】 在草原毛虫蛹期采集到一种寄生蝇，采用形态学与COⅠ基因分子标记相结合的方法对该寄生蝇进行物种鉴定，并对其系统发育关系进行研究。【结果】 扩增的草原毛虫寄生蝇COⅠ基因序列长度为571 bp，A、T、C、G碱基含量分别为40.63%、31.00%、14.54%、13.84%，AT含量达71.63%，GC含量达28.37%，具有明显的AT偏好性；基于形态学与分子水平，草原毛虫寄生蝇被一致鉴定为寄蝇科Tachinidae鬃堤寄蝇属Chaetogena草毒蛾鬃堤寄蝇Chaetogena gynaephorae；Exorista larvarum、Tachinomyia nigricans、Parasetigena silvestris、Phorocera obscura、Gueriniopsis setipes、Chetogena gelida、Chetogena tessellata及Carcelia sp.等寄蝇科物种先后聚为一支，然后再与草毒蛾鬃堤寄蝇聚为一支，表明本研究采集的草毒蛾鬃堤寄蝇与寄蝇科其他物种亲缘关系较远。此外，草毒蛾鬃堤寄蝇分支距离系统发育树根部较近，表明其进化较早。【结论】 本研究为草原毛虫寄生蝇的分子分类提供了标准化鉴定流程，为草原毛虫寄生蝇物种鉴定奠定了基础。
英文摘要：
[Objectives] The natural enemies of Gynaephora qinghaiensis should be fully exploited for biological control of G. qinghaiensis. [Methods] A parasitic fly was collected from the pupal stage of G. qinghaiensis. The species was identified by morphological method combined with molecular markers of COⅠ gene, and its phylogenetic relationship was studied. [Results] The length of the amplified COⅠ gene was 571 bp, and the contents of A, T, C and G bases were 40.63%, 31.00%, 14.54% and 13.84%, respectively. The contents of AT and GC were 71.63% and 28.37%, respectively, showing obvious AT bias. The parasitic fly in G. qinghaiensis was unanimously identified as Chaetogena gynaephorae of the Tachinidae family based on morphology and molecular data. The species of Tachinidae, such as Exorista larvarum, Tachinomyia nigricans, Parasetigena silvestris, Phorocera obscura, Gueriniopsis setipes, Chetogena gelida, Chetogena tessellata, and Carcelia sp., were clustered and then grouped with Chaetogena gynaephorae, indicating that the Chaetogena gynaephorae collected in this study is not closely related to other Tachinidae species. In addition, the branch of Chaetogena gynaephorae was closer to the root of the phylogenetic tree than the other branches, indicating that this species diverged earlier. [Conclusion] This study provides a standardized identification process for the molecular classification of parasitic flies in G. qinghaiensis and lays a foundation for their identification.