昆虫定向机制研究进展
Progress in the mechanisms of insect orientation
高月波1,2 翟保平1**
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作者单位：1.南京农业大学昆虫学系 农业部病虫监测与治理重点开放实验室 南京 210095;2.吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所 公主岭 136100
中文关键词：昆虫定向, 罗盘定向, 风定向, 地面标志物
英文关键词：insect orientation, compass orientation, wind orientation, landmark cues
中文摘要：
许多昆虫具有定向运动的行为。对部分社会性昆虫和迁飞性昆虫定向行为的大量研究已经初步阐明太阳、地磁场、天体、风及地面标志物等都可能成为昆虫返巢和迁飞定向的线索。社会性昆虫具有对不同定向线索进行整合而实现精确导航的能力。日间迁飞性昆虫利用时间补偿太阳罗盘进行定向的机制亦已明确，但夜间迁飞昆虫的定向机制尚需深入研究。迁飞性害虫定向机制的明确将有助于判断害虫迁飞路径及降落区域，为迁飞害虫的准确预测提供科学依据。本文对昆虫的定向机制研究进展进行了综述。
英文摘要： This paper reviews progress in research on insect spatial orientation mechanisms. Many species of insects have the ability to undertake orientated dispersal or migration. To date, many experiments have been carried out to study the orientation behavior of some social and migratory insects. These indicate that insects may orientate by using a variety of information, including sun compass, magnetic compass, celestial compass, wind and landmark cues. The social insects achieve relatively precise navigation by integrating various orientation cues. Although it has been ascertained that diurnal migratory insects orientate using a time compensated sun compass, further research is needed to determine the orientation mechanisms of nocturnal migratory insects. To better forecast the movements of insect pests it is necessary to clarify their migratory mechanisms by determining their flight tracks and possible landing regions.