番石榴实蝇寄主选择性试验
The host preference experiment of Bactrocera correcta
张智英**,赵波,张亮,梁华娟
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DOI：
作者单位：云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所昆明650091
中文关键词：番石榴实蝇，产卵，寄主选择，蛀果期，蛹重，蛹死亡率
英文关键词： Bactrocera correcta, oviposition, host preference, egg and larva period, pupae weight, pupae mortality
中文摘要： 番石榴实蝇Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) 是一种为害多种水果的害虫，近年来在云南的元江暴发成灾。本试验选择番石榴实蝇的常见寄主：梨、芒果、苹果、桃、橙及芒果的不同品种进行室内试验，比较番石榴实蝇雌虫产卵对寄主的选择性及不同寄主对番石榴实蝇生长发育的影响。结果显示， 番石榴实蝇雌虫对5种供试水果的寄生选择性大小依次为桃>梨>芒果>橙>苹果；番石榴实蝇对芒果不同品种的寄生选择性为三年芒>台农行1号>虎豹牙>胭脂芒>鹰嘴芒；番石榴实蝇在不同寄主上的蛀果期（卵及幼虫的历期）具有极显著的差异，以寄生桃和芒果的最短；从梨和苹果上饲养出的蛹最轻，且极显著低于其它寄主上饲养出来的蛹重；苹果上寄生的番石榴实蝇蛹重与蛀果期呈显著的正相关，而寄生梨的番石榴实蝇蛹重与蛀果期呈极显著的负相关。结果表明，番石榴实蝇雌虫产卵对不同寄主或同一寄主不同品种有明显的选择性，且该选择行为与其后代的生长发育有关。
英文摘要： Bactrocera correcta (Bezzi) is a serious pest of fruit crops that has appeared in the past few years in Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province, Southwest China. Experiments to determine the host preferences of this pest were conducted on a variety of fruit; peaches, apples, pears, oranges and five kinds of mango. The development of B. correcta on these different hosts was also compared. The results show that B. correcta most preferred peaches, followed, in descending order of preference, by pears, mangos, oranges and apples. In the mango experiment, the most preferred variety was Sannian, followed by Tainengyhao, Hubaoya, Yanzhimang and Yingzuimang. There was an obvious difference in the duration of the egg and larval period, which is the period during which fruit are damaged by B.correcta, between different fruit crops. This period was shortest in peaches and mangos. Pupae from pears and apples were obviously lighter than those that developed on other fruits. The relationship between weight and the duration of the egg and larval period was a highly positive in apple crops but significantly negative in pear crops. The results show that B.correctas has clear host preferences and that these affect the development of subsequent generations.