农药诱导害虫再猖獗机制
Mechanisms on pesticideinduced resurgence of pests
吴进才
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作者单位：扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院扬州225009
中文关键词： 害虫再猖獗， 生态机制， 生理机制
英文关键词：pest resurgence, ecological mechanism, physiological mechanism
中文摘要：
害虫再猖獗是农林害虫防治中出现的普遍现象，包括生态再猖獗和生理再猖獗。前者的机制主要是药剂削弱了自然控制作用，后者主要是药剂引起害虫的毒物兴奋效应及补偿作用（刺激产卵）。作者团队最新研究证明，药剂刺激产卵是由于药剂激活了脂肪体RNA转录水平，使卵黄蛋白基因表达量显著上调；两性交配昆虫药剂同样刺激雄性生殖并能通过交配传导给雌虫，导致刺激雌虫生殖，因此药剂刺激雄虫是害虫再猖獗发生的一条重要途径；田间害虫再猖獗是多种因子综合作用的结果。
英文摘要： Pest resurgence is a common outcome of pest control. This phenomenon includes both ecological and physiological resurgence. Ecological resurgence is attributed to pesticides weakening natural control systems whereas physiological resurgence refers to pesticide-induced stimulation of pest reproduction or hormesis. Recent investigations show that physiological resurgence is due to the activation of the RNA transcript level in fat bodies, which results in a significant up-regulation of vitellin expression. In addition, pesticides can not only stimulate reproduction in males, but can also be transferred to females via mating. Therefore, pesticideinduced stimulation of males is an important mechanism of pest resurgence. However, the resurgence of pests in natural populations is affected by the integrated effects of multiple factors.