Mason bee is a name commonly used for species of bees in the genus Osmia, of the family Megachilidae, of the super family Apoidae. Mason bee most occurs in the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, holding the important pollination services in both agricultural and natural environments. The gregarious nesting behaviour of these solitary bees, their acceptance of a variety of different man-made nesting materials and univoltine are important properties for successful mass rearing. Their emerging time can be optimized to synchronize the blooming time of crops, so they can be used to pollinate different crops. Biology, ecology，pollination service of mason bee and the influence factors are reviewed.