An improved artificial diet for adults and larvae of Rhagoletis batava Hering
Author of the article:LU Yan1** ZHU Jian-Mei1 ADILI ? Shataer1*** WULA Bieke2 JIN Ge-Si3
Author's Workplace：1. Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; 2. Burqin County Forestry Bureau, Burqin 836600, China;3. Altay Regional Forestry Pest Control Quarantine Bureau, Altay 836599, China
Key Words： Rhagoletis batava Hering; artificial feed formula; orthogonal experimental design; screening
Abstract： [Objectives] A Rhagoletis batava Hering population was established to facilitate research on the biological control of this pest. [Methods] Adults were fed four different diets containing different proportions of honey, sucrose and yeast extract to investigate the effects of diet on sexual maturation, mating, oviposition and longevity. Larvae were kept at( 25.00±2.50)℃, under an indoor light cycle of 15L︰9D and relative humidity of 65.00% ± 5.00% and fed on different proportions of sucrose, yeast extract, oat bran, seabuckthorn fruit juice and jam, to determine the effects of these different diets on the duration of the larval and pupal stages and the pupation rate. [Results] Adults fed on the four different diets had significantly different times to sexual maturity, mating times, female fecundity and life span. Of the four diets, diet D was the best; the duration to sexual maturity, mating time, female fecundity, and lifespan of adults fed this diet were (1.78±0.09) d, (4.15±0.03) h, (4.52±0.17), (15.47 ±0.77) d and (15.15 ±0.79) d, which were significantly different from those of adults that were fed diets A, B and C (P<0.01). The best semi-artificial diet for larvae was diet C, and the pupation rate, larval period + pupal period, pupal length, pupal width and pupal weight of larvae fed this diet were 50.00%±2.89%, (7.20±0.16)d, (4.74±0.03)mm, (2.45±0.24)mm and (7.21±0.11)mg, respectively. The best completely artificial diet for larvae was diet C; larvae fed on this diet had a pupation rate, larval period + pupation period, pupal length, pupal width and pupal weight of 35.00%±7.64%, (5.38±0.18)d, (4.26±0.04)mm, (2.30±0.02)mm and (6.12±0.18)mg, respectively. The best jam-based diet for larvae was diet C, with a pupation rate, larval period + pupation period, pupal length, pupal width and pupal weight of 45.00%±2.89%, (7.11±0.16)d, (4.45±0.07)mm, (2.44±0.02)mm, (6.78±0.21)mg, respectively. [Conclusion] The optimal diet for adult R. batava was 20 g yeast paste, 20 g honey and 160 mL purified water. The best semi-artificial diet for larvae was 10 g of sucrose, 15 g of yeast extract, 30 g of wheat bran and 50 mL of sea buckthorn juice. The best completely artificial diet for larvae was also comprised of 10 g of sucrose, 15 g of yeast extract, 30 g of wheat bran, and 50 mL of purified water. The best jam-based diet for larvae was 50 g seabuckthorn jam, 3 g yeast extract and 0.3 g Nepali gold.