[Objectives]  To clarify the impact of different grassland types on the diversity of grasshopper communities in the Sunan grassland area, improving the sustainable development of the grassland ecosystem in Sunan County. [Methods]   In this experiment, four species of alpine meadows, lowland meadows, temperate deserts and temperate grasslands in Sunan County were collected by net catching from 2020 to 2021. The grasshopper community structure of grassland was investigated and studied, and the statistical analysis of locust characteristic index, population similarity and indicator species of different grassland types was carried out. [Results]  1 054 locust specimens were captured in the experiment, belonging to 5 families, 13 genera and 23 species. Among them, there were 4 dominant species, namely Angaracris barabensis (13.09%) and Angaracris rhodopa (28.18%). Euchorthippus cheui (11.95%) and Chorthippus fallax (10.34%). Otherwise there are 10 common species and 9 rare species. The richness index of the locust is significantly higher on lowland meadow than the other plots. The dominance index from high to low is Temperate steppe, lowland meadow, temperate desert and alpine meadow, while the order of diversity index from high to low is temperate steppe, lowland meadow , temperate desert and alpine meadow. What more,the evenness index of temperate desert is the highest. Oedaleus asiaticus is the indicator species with 70.67% value on temperate steppe, while Myrmeleotettix palpalis is indicator species with 71.64% on temperate desert. Also the similarity of grasshopper communities on different grassland types was compared, and the results showed that the grasshopper communities in warm grassland, alpine meadow, warm desert and lowland meadow were moderately dissimilar to each other. [Conclusion]  The composition, diversity and indicator species of grasshopper communities are different among different grassland types. Vegetation change and altitude difference are important factors affecting their distribution.