Effect of changes in volatiles from resistant rice varieties damaged by non-target insect pests on Nilaparvata lugens

Author of the article:WANG Xing-Yun1, 2, 3 ZHANG Xin-Qiang1 LIU Yao-Yao1 WANG Lu-Ying1 ZHOU Ya- Li1 XUE Shuang1, 3

Author's Workplace：1. College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology; 2. Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base, Anyang Institute of Technology; 3. Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Forest Pests in Taihang Mountain of Henan Province

Key Words：resistant cultivars of rice; non-target insect pest of Chilo suppressalis; target insect prst of Nilaparvata lugens; insects-interaction relationship; HIPVs

Abstract：[Aim]  Herbivorous insects have complex interspecific interactions in which herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play an important role. [Methods]  In this study, a dynamic headspace collection system, together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), were used to compare the effect of volatiles collected from a resistant rice cultivar (Mudgo) and a susceptible rice cultivar (TN1), on the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens. In addition, the effect of volatiles from each of the above rice varieties that had been damaged by a non-target pest, the rice striped stem borer (SSB) Chilo suppressalis, were also investigated. GC-MS identified a total of 115 volatiles. The behavioral responses of brown planthoppers to 20 of these at concentrations of 2 and 200 mL dissolved in 1 mL of normal hexane were investigated using a Y-tube olfactometer. [Results]  This showed that 11 volatiles (i.e., Hexanal, 2-Heptanone, β-Myrcene, Linalool, Tetradecane, Pentadecane, Hexadecane, Heptadecane, α-Pinene, D-limonene and β-Caryophyllene) were significantly more attractive to the BPH than the control, and that the amount of these 11 volatiles significantly increased after damage by SSB (P < 0.05). In contrast, the other 5 volatiles (Benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-Nonanone, Naphthalene, Methyl salicylate and Tridecane) were repellent to the BPH. These results reveal that damage to rice plants by the SSB caused significant changes in the volatiles released from both resistant, and susceptible, rice cultivars. Furthermore, volatiles collected from rice plants that had been damaged by the SSB were significantly more attractive effect to the BPH, indicating that a non-target insect pest can potentially affect the occurrence of a targeted insect pest. These results also suggest that plants damaged by non-target insect pests may have lower resistance to target insects. [Conclusion]  These findings provide new information on the interaction between plant volatiles and insect species, and have important practical implications for using natural plant volatiles to develop new pest control strategies.