Bioacoustic detection of Trogoderma granarium and Trogoderma variabile in bulk stored peanut and corn
Author of the article:CHANG Fei-Fei1, 2** YANG Xiao-Jun1 LU Yu-Jie2, 3 ZHENG Si-Zhu1*** MIAO Shi-Yuan3 LOU Ding-Feng
Author's Workplace：1. Animal, Plant and Food Inspection Center, Nanjing Customs, Nanjing 210001, China; 2. School of Food and Strategic Reserves, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China; 3. School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212000, China; 4. Shenzhen Customs Animal and Plant Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center, Shenzhen 518045, China
Key Words：Trogoderma granarium; Trogoderma variabile; bioacoustic; peak of insect sounds; number of pulses; peak of frequency
Abstract：
[Aim] The bioacoustic parameters of adults and larvae of Trogoderma
granarium and Trogoderma variabile feeding on peanuts and corn were
analyzed to develop a way of using acoustic methods to identify the species and
developmental stage of these pests in bulk stored peanuts and corn. [Methods] The acoustic software Cool
Edit PRO was used to perform time-frequency domain analysis on the sounds
produced by adults and larvae of two species while feeding on peanuts and corn.
Statistical analysis was performed on characteristic acoustic parameters of
insect sounds in the time-frequency domain, including the peak sounds, number
of pulses, and the peak frequencies, to determine key identifying features. [Results] There were significant differences
in the peak sounds of adult of T. granarium and T. variabile (P<0.05). Significant differences in the number of pulses produced by
the larvae of T. granarium and T. variabile (P<0.05). Significant differences between adults and larvae in sound
peak and number of pulses (P<0.05). When
feeding on corn, there were significant differences in the peak sounds and peak
frequencies of adult of T. granarium and T. variabile (P<0.05). Significant differences in the number of pulses produced by
the larvae of T. granarium and T. variabile (P<0.05). Significant differences between adults and larvae in peak
sounds and number of pulses (P<0.05). [Conclusion] In
the sounds of the two Trogoderm feeding on peanut, The peak sounds of
adult T. granarium[(﹣11.33±0.69)
dB]>T. variabile adult[(﹣13.37±1.06) dB]. The number of pulses of T. granarium larvae (21.40±3.37)<T. variabile larvae (27.40±1.63). The peak sounds
and number of pulses (5.60±0.60) of adult T. granarium<the peak
sounds[(﹣6.85±0.51)
dB] and number of pulses of larvae. The peak sounds and number of
pulses[2.20±0.59] of adult T. variabile<the peak sounds[(﹣4.96±0.39) dB] and number of pulses of larvae. This indicates
that the species and stages of the two Trogoderm can be distinguished by
peak sounds or number of pulses. In the two Trogoderm feeding on corn,
the peak sounds[(﹣23.44±1.80)
dB] and frequency peak[(4 451.50±165.34) Hz] of adult T. granarium<the
peak asounds[(﹣18.02±0.70)
dB] and frequency peak [(4 857.50±176.36) Hz] of adult T. variabile. The
number of pulses of T. granarium larvae (16.20±1.16)<T. variabile larvae (23.60±2.41). The peak sounds and number of pulses[(1.75±0.19)] of adult T. granarium<the peak sounds[(﹣7.68±0.65) dB] and number of pulses of larvae. The peak sounds and
number of pulses (1.60±0.65) of adult T. variabile<the peak sounds [(﹣7.24±0.66) dB] and number of pulses of larvae. This indicates
that the species and stages of the two Trogoderm can be distinguished by
peak sounds and number of pulses, and the species of the two adult Trogoderm can be distinguished by frequency peak.