Based on a systematic analysis of insect resources and resource insects, this paper describes the evolution from empirical utilization to scientific development, and from single products to diversified industries. It proposes a new model of modern, circular agriculture centered on "insect agriculture", highlighting the critical roles of pollinator insects, natural enemy insects, and environmental insects, in the green transformation of agriculture and the high-value conversion of organic waste. The paper further reveals the profound impact of insect agriculture on the development of sub-disciplines of entomology, and explores its strategic value from the perspective of ensuring food security, supporting family farms, and restructuring agricultural ecological systems. This study aims to facilitate the transition of entomology from traditional research to a paradigm of industrial integration and systematic innovation.