Monitoring population dynamics of Apolygus lucorum by sex pheromone trapping and research in oviposition trap using crop straw
Author of the article:TAO Shao-Jie1** ZHAO Wei1 ZHAO Long-Long2*** XIANG Hui-Ming1 MA Rui-Yan1
Author's Workplace：1. College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; 2. Pomology Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030815, China
Key Words：Apolygus lucorum; oviposition choice; jujube tree; physical control; sorghum straw
Abstract：[Aim] To assess the effectiveness of using crop straw waste as "oviposition traps" for the last generation of Apolygus lucorum in jujube orchards, to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the environmentally-friendly control of A. lucorum during the jujube harvest period. [Methods] Sorghum straw and daylily straw were provided as oviposition traps for A. lucorum, and the effects of substrate color, material and diameter, on oviposition were evaluated. [Results] A. lucorum developed 4-5 generations annually in the jujube orchard, and the peak of the last-generation adults coincides with the jujube ripening period. Oviposition rates on sorghum straw and daylily straw were 100.00% and 98.33%, respectively. Oviposition rates of these two straw-based substrates were significantly higher than those on jujube tree pruning cuts in jujube orchards with pheromone traps (72.77%) and in jujube orchards without traps (83.78%) (P < 0.05). The relative abundance of eggs laid on different colored straw waste can be ranked, in descending order, as follows: Red (115.00) > green (109.44) > light green (95.22) > purple (87.88) > black (86.67) > yellow (69.57) > orange (61.63) > khaki (59.75) > dark blue (51.20) > light blue (47.78) > silver (39.67). There were no significant differences among these color treatments (P > 0.05). A. lucorum preferred to lay eggs on the periphery part of straw waste, where the average number of eggs was 46.38, significantly higher than the 10.00 eggs in the central part (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two parts of each waste pile. Conversely, the average number of eggs in the center of individual straws (45.00), was significantly higher than on the extremities (9.12) (P < 0.05). The composition of straw waste was the main factor affecting the oviposition rate of the last generation of A. lucorum, and there was no interaction between the material and color, or between the material and diameter, of the waste. [Conclusion] Sorghum straw bound with red tape was an attractive oviposition trap for the last generation of A. lucorum in jujube orchards. Providing kind of straw waste can control overwintering eggs, thereby reducing the initial pest population the following year.