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           CN 11-6020/Q
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Your Position :Home->Past Journals Catalog->2017年54 No.2

Dynamics of flowering and petal fall in apricots and an investigation of apricot pollinators
Author of the article:GONG Qing-Tao** WU Hai-Bin ZHANG Kun-Peng NIU Qing-Lin SUN Rui-Hong***
Author's Workplace:Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian 271000, China
Key Words:apricot flower, blooming, dropping, dynamics, pollinators
Abstract:

[Objectives]  Apricots are an important traditional fruit variety and an early spring blooming plant. The process of pollination in apricots is influenced by both climatic factors and pollinators. Understanding the dynamics of flowering and petal fall in apricots, and the species and activity rhythm of pollinators of apricots, is important for predicting fruit set and determining optimal conditions for pollinators. [Methods]  We recorded the number of apricot flowers that opened and dropped petals daily and used logistic regression to model flowering and petal fall. We also investigated the species and activity rhythms of pollinators on apricot flowers by visual observation, net capturing, photographing, and imaging methods, and fitted a polynomial model to these data. [Results]  There was no significant difference in the beginning, peak, end, and length of flowering period, of Golden sun, Katy and Pearl oil apricots, but there were significant differences in the beginning, peak, end and length of the petal fall period among these three varieties. The logistic model indicated that the three varieties could be ordered according to length of petal fall in descending order as follows: Katy apricot > Golden sun apricot > Pearl oil apricot, and in terms of length of the flowering period: Pearl oil apricot > Katy apricot >Golden sun apricot. Eleven species of pollinators were identified, belonging to 6 orders, 8 families and 10 genera. Apis cerana ceraca Fabricius accounted for 98.7% of the total number of pollinators identified. The peak visiting time of pollinators was from 10:00 to 14:00. The activity rhythm of pollinators on apricot flowers fitted the equation y=﹣0.2977x3+1.6947x2+6.4193x﹣11.3780. [Conclusion]  The flowering stage of the Pearl oil apricot was the longest and this variety benefited most from adequate pollinators and artificial supplementary pollination. This variety was also vulnerable to freezing and frost damage. Damage to Golden sun apricots was minimal, but pollination may often be insufficient. The apricot industry should select appropriate plant varieties based on natural and human conditions in specific growth regions. Farming operations should be minimized during the flowering stage, especially between 1 000 and 1 400, to avoid disturbing pollinators.

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