[Objectives]  To elucidate the population dynamics of the carabid beetle Carabus lafossei and its importance as a natural predator of wireworm in Phyllostachys praecox forest under three different cultivation regimes. [Methods]  Pitfall traps was used to survey adult carabid beetles which were identified by morphology and DNA barcode. The correlation between the number of adult C. lafossei, soil chemical properties and vegetation cover (eg: weeds and shrubs) in P. praecox forest was determined. The level of predation of adult C. lafossei on wireworms was determined by the weighing method. [Results]  A total of 188 adult C. lafossei were collected in P. praecox forest; 136 in unmanaged, 34 in managed, and 18 in intensively managed forests. Adult C. lafossei were present from April to October and were most numerous in April and May. The number of adult C. lafossei was positively correlated with vegetation cover, and negatively correlated with total phosphorus and hydrolysable nitrogen and available phosphorus. The average wireworm biomass consumed by a single C. lafossei was 0.540 g (range: 0.390-0.734 g). [Conclusion]  The population of the adult C. lafossei in P. praecox forest was large and persisted over seven months of the year. Abundance differed significantly between forests with different intensities of forest management. C. lafossei is an important natural enemy of wireworm in P. praecox forests.