The potential application of probiotic fungi for the large-scale propagation of Bactrocera dorsalis
Author of the article:MA Qiong-Ke GUO Qiong-Yu YAO Zhi-Chao CAI Zhao-Hui LI Xiao-Xue GU Jian WANG Shan-Shan ZHENG
Author's Workplace：Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Institute of Urban and Horticultural Pests, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
Key Words：Bactrocera dorsalis; Hanseniaspora uvarum; response surface methodology; artificial diet; sterile insect technique
Abstract：
[Objectives] To determine the optimal larval feed formula for Bactrocera dorsalis by changing the ratio of yeast, wheat bran and Hanseniaspora uvarum (a symbiotic, beneficial fungus that lives in the
intestines of B. dorsalis) in the diet, and thereby improve
the large-scale propagation of B. dorsalis. [Methods]
Response Surface Methodology
(RSM) was used to design the ratio of yeast : wheat bran : H. uvarum, in
an artificial diet. The developmental duration of larvae, pupal weight and the
adult emergence rate of B. dorsalis raised on each diet were then
measured and compared, and the cost of each diet calculated. An optimal diet
was developed based on the results, and the development duration of larvae,
pupal weight, adult emergence rate, and the cost saving potentially achieved by
feeding larvae this diet, predicted. Larvae were then fed the optimal diet and
their developmental duration, pupal weight and adult emergence rate compared to
the predicted values. [Results] The
antagonistic, or synergistic, effects of yeast, wheat bran and H. uvarum significantly affected the duration of the larval period, pupal weight and
adult emergence rate (P < 0.000 1). Adding H. uvarum to the
diet reduced the amount of yeast and thereby the cost. The optimal larval feed
formula predicted by the RSM model for a single batch of artificial feed (375
g) included 3.13 g of yeast, 87.45 g of wheat bran, 4.42 g of H.uvarum liquid,
40 g of corn meal, 40 g of sucrose and 200 mL of water. The artificial
diet is 2.35 yuan cheaper than the conventional diet, and the percentage cost
saving for the three main components (yeast, wheat bran and H. uvarum)
is 74.35%. The development of larvae fed the optimal diet was 8.76 d, 0.8
d shorter than the predicted value, the average pupal weight was 13.85 mg and
the adult emergence rate was 93.76%. There was no significant difference
between the predicted and actual values obtained using the optimal diet. [Conclusion] RSM is a useful tool for
optimizing feed formulae. Incorporating the fungus H. uvarum into the
artificial diet has the potential to both improve, and reduce the cost of, the
large-scale, commercial propagation of B. dorsalis.