Effects of temperature on the development and fecundity of Nezara viridula (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Author of the article:HU Xia-Yu;CHEN Min;SHI Zhe-Yi;ZHOU Wen-Wu;ZHU Zeng-Rong
Author's Workplace:College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Key Words:Nezara viridula, temperature, developmental rates, survival rates, lifetable, effective accumulated temperature
Abstract:
[Objectives] To investigate the effects of different
temperatures on the growth, development, and reproduction of the green stink
bug Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) in
order to provide a theoretical basis for the monitoring and ecological
management of this pest. [Methods] Green stink bugs were reared for more than two
generations before being placed in incubators set at different temperatures
(18, 20, 23, 26, 28, 30 ℃) to observe their daily survival, mating and
oviposition rates. The survival rates, development duration, effective
accumulated temperature, and fecundity, of each temperature treatment group
were measured and compared. [Results] The threshold temperatures of the egg, 1st
instar, 2nd instar, 3rd instar, 4th instar, 5th instar, nymphs, pre-mature and
pre-oviposition, stages were 13.17, 13.88, 14.13, 14.15, 10.15, 10.96, 16.37,
10.53 and 11.24 ℃, respectively. Within a certain temperature
range, an increase in temperature shortened the duration of each developmental
stage. The duration of a single generation was shortest (68.25 d) at 28 ℃. The longest duration of a generation, 141.00 d, was recorded at 20 ℃. Adults emerged at all temperatures, but emergence rates at 18 ℃ and 30 ℃ (1.18% and 1.43%, respectively) were
significantly lower than at the other four temperatures. The highest mating and
oviposition frequencies were recorded at 23 ℃ and 26 ℃, respectively. The highest innate capacity for increase (0.078) was
recorded at 26 ℃. The proportion of emerged adults was highest
at 20 ℃, and the highest reproductive rate was recorded at 26 ℃. The highest average number of eggs laid per female (172.3) was
recorded at 26 ℃, whereas the lowest (80) was recorded at 28 ℃. Temperature affected adult body color. The proportion of the all-green
phenotype was lowest (30.86%) at 20 ℃ and highest (82.98%) at 28
℃. [Conclusion] Higher
temperatures accelerate the development of the green stink bug and shorten its
generation time. Low temperatures are more suitable for the growth of the green
stink bug but higher temperatures are more suitable for its reproduction.