[Objectives]  To develop a new observation and recording system for studying thein-hive behavior of honeybees. [Methods]  Inspired by traditional observation hives, an infrared light and camera were installed to facilitate the long-term, inobtrusive observation and recording of honeybee behavior in the hive. In addition, we added slide rails, sliders andpulleys to the hive, enabling observation and recording of the middle comb in colonies with 3-5 combs. Inspired by the individual bee markers used in previous studies, we designed a new set of markers with enlarged combinations of letters, numbers and symbols. These new, improved markers not only made it easier to identify individual bees, but also allowed us to obtain a large sample size. [Results]  We successfully developed a new honeybee in-hive behavioral observation and recording system and used this to conduct in-hive behavioral observation experiments on the western honeybee, Apis melifera. We found that an average of 63.08% of tagged workers could be accurately identified, and that an average of 43% could be recaptured after 3 days of behavioral observations. [Conclusion]  Results of a pilot study indicate that our new in-hive observation and recording system was an improvement on previous systems for observing in-hive honeybee behavior and data collection during behavioral experiments.