Abstract  [Aim]  Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata (Motschulsky) is a common leaf-eating pest in farmland ecosystems.    Solanum tuberosum L., Glycine max (Linn.) Merr., Solanum melongena L., Capsicum annuum L. and Brassica rapa var. glabra Regel are important host plants for this pest. [Methods]  Five crops were used as test hosts to investigate the effects of different host plants adaptability of H. vigintioctomaculata. [Results]  H. vigintioctomaculata that were fed potato and eggplant had a shorter larval development period, heavier pupae, higher larval survival rate, and higher adult longevity and fecundity, compared to the other host plants. H. vigintioctomaculata was capable of reproducing on four of the host plants, including potato, soybean, eggplant, and cabbage. The growth and development of H. vigintioctomaculata was higher on potato and eggplant compared to soybean and cabbage. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m =0.129 d^-1, 0.127 d^-1), net proliferation rate (R₀= 52.066, 51.384), finite rate of increase（λ= 1.138 d^-1, 1.136 d^-1), and population trend index (I= 120.99, 115.17) were highest for H. vigintioctomaculata fed potato and eggplant, whereas the average generation duration was shorter compared to other host plants. [Conclusion]  H. vigintioctomaculata displayed strong adaptability to the five test host plants. The population parameters and biological characteristics of H. vigintioctomaculata were greatest when potato and eggplant served as hosts.