The larva of Myrmeleontidae, called antlion, had been used as medicine long ago in China. It is a kind of medical insect which has great potentiality to develop new medicines. For finding out research development of Myrmeleontidae more clearly and providing a reference for further researches and exploitation of the insect, the researches of taxonomy, biology, raising techniques, remedial function and insecticidal activities on it are summarized.