[Objectives]  To explore the feasibility of DNA barcoding and establishing a local DNA barcoding library for the identification of moths, the COⅠ genes of 82 samples from 10 Noctuidae species inBaodingand Langfang (HebeiProvince) were amplified using universal barcoding primers. [Methods]  Tree-based, distance-based, threshold-based and character-based methods. [Results]  The results show that DNA-based classification was generally consistent with that of traditional methods. However, sample LF110802.008 was misclassified as Maliattha signifera, which differs from the morphological results. Using character-based methods to analyze the 28S gene produced results were consistent with the morphological taxonomy. The effect of sample sizes on the number of diagnostic characters was investigated. Character-based methods are relatively effective, even in the case of small sample sizes. We propose the establishment of a local DNA barcoding library in order to make species identification is more effective. [ConcIusion]  DNA barcoding produces good classification results and a local DNA barcoding library would be useful for moth identification.