The role of temperature in the termination of pupal diapause in Papillio xuthus L. was investigated. The results showed that the first eclosion of adult from diapaused pupae was at the 45th, 16th, 11th and 5th day, respectively, at 15, 20, 25 and 30℃. Developmental duration of diapaused pupae was 60.3, 26.0, 15.2 and 11.6 days, respectively, at different temperature. The period of eclosion continued 35, 19, 14 and 15 days, respectively. Reared at 25℃ and treated with low temperature (10℃) for 0, 20 or 40 days, the first eclosion of adult from diapaused pupae was 38th, 14th and 13th days, respectively. The period of eclosion continued 40, 71 and 16 days, respectively. Developmental duration of diapaused pupae was 60.9, 28.5 and 19.0 days respectively. It indicated that with the increasing of rearing temperature and treating period with low temperature, the time of eclosion of diapaused pupae advanced, and developmental duration was shortened. When the temperature was beyond 25℃, the difference of developmental duration of diapause pupae was not significantly.