[Objectives]  Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) plays an important role in the glycolysis and gluconeogenesis of protease. This study intends to clarify the sequence characteristics and expression patterns of the amPGAM2 gene. [Methods]  The cDNA sequence of the Apis mellifera amPGAM2 gene was cloned, and its sequence characteristics and expression in different castes and developmental stages; workers, drones and queens, analyzed. [Results]  Sequence analysis indicates that the full length of the cloned sequence is 976 bp, and contains a complete open reading frame encoding 254 amino acids. The nucleotide sequence of the gene is highly homologous to that of Apis cerana (98.4%). The gene has 15 potential antigen epitopes, 9 phosphorylation sites and 5 histidine phosphatase domain active sites and encodes a glycerol diphosphate-dependent soluble neutral stable protein that belongs to the histidine phosphatase superfamily. The results of RT-qPCR indicate that expression of amPGAM2 is significantly different in different castes and developmental stages. Expression in workers was highest at 3 days of age in the egg stage and at 5 days in the larval stage. The highest expression in drones and queesn was in the adult stage and in 4 day-old larvae, respectively. Expression in workers, drones and queens increased from hatching to the larval stage, and from the red-eye pupal eclosion to the adult stage. [Conclusion]  The results suggest that the amPGAM2 gene plays an important role in hatching and spermatogenesis. This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving understanding of the energy metabolism during reproductive development in Apis mellifera.