Progress in research on the insect B chromosome
Author of the article:HE Ning1** JIA Zhi-Chao1 XU Yu-Han1 ZHANG Huan-Huan2*** ZHOU Jin-Cheng1, 3 ZHANG Li-Sheng3 DO
Author's Workplace：1. College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China; 2. Institute of Vegetable, Xizang Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Key Words：insect B chromosome; origin; transmission; B chromosome research methods
Abstract：
In addition to A chromosomes,
the genome may contain other nonessential chromosomes, such as B chromosomes.
These originate from fragments of A chromosomes and sex chromosomes via intra
or inter-specific crossing. B chromosomes have been reported in Archaeognatha,
Diptera, Hemitera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, and Orthopera. This
study reviews the origin, transmission, effects, and methodology, of B
chromosomes in insects. Studies on B chromosomes not only provide insights into
the origin, evolution, and biological functions of these “selfish” genetic
elements, but also offer an opportunity to advance genetic improvements,
genetic pest control, and genome editing technology.