Anoplophora glabripennis, commonly known as the Asian longhorned beetle, is a highly destructive wood-boring pest that targets a wide range of broad-leaved trees, posing a severe threat to forestry. There are significant challenges to controlling this pest. Native to northeastern Asia, A. glabripennis has now spread to multiple countries across Europe and North America. In China, it spread to northwestern regions, such as Gansu and Xinjiang, in the early 21st century. Elaeagnus angustifolia (the Russian olive), a native tree species in northwestern China, is highly attractive to adult A. glabripennis for oviposition. However, Russian olive trees respond to the oviposition scars created by A. glabripennis by secreting copious amounts of gum, thereby encapsulating and killing over 99% of larvae. This paper reviews current research on the use of E. angustifolia as a natural trap to control A. glabripennis, focusing on the following key areas: (1) Recent progress in the ecological control of herbivorous pests through the use of dead-end trap plants; (2) The efficacy of E. angustifolia in attracting and controlling A. glabripennis; (3) Progress using E. angustifolia as a dead-end trap tree for the ecological self-regulation of A. glabripennis; and (4) The strategies, technical pathways, and future prospects of using E. angustifolia for the ecological self-regulation of damage caused by A. glabripennis.