[Aim]  To investigate the characteristics of the gum secreted by Elaeagnus angustifolia in response to the oviposition scars of Anoplophora glabripennis, including associated structural changes to plant tissues and the composition of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the gum. [Methods]  Field surveys were conducted to examine the characteristics of gum in A. glabripennis oviposition scars. Microscopic anatomical observations were performed to analyze tissue structure at these sites. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to compare gum composition and differences in VOCs. [Results] E. angustifolia secretes large amounts of gum at oviposition scars, encapsulating and effectively killing A. glabripennis eggs, with an egg mortality rate of 99.27%. Anatomical observations revealed the formation of traumatic gum ducts, accompanied by significant structural alterations in the affected tissues. GC-MS analysis indicates that oviposition scars accumulated high levels of VOCs, including monoterpenes such as α-pinene and terpinen-4-ol. [Conclusion]  The oviposition scars of A. glabripennis induce multiple defensive responses in E. angustifolia, including gum secretion, structural modifications to tissues, and the emission of VOCs. These defensive responses work synergistically to kill eggs and thereby disrupt A. glabripennis's reproductive cycle. These results provide information useful to developing ecological strategies for controlling A. glabripennis outbreaks.