[Objectives] Aphis glycines (Matsumura) is an important piercing-sucking pest that causes significant losses to soybean production in China, while Acyrthosiphon solani (Kaltenbach) is another piercing-sucking pest that has become the focus of increasing interest in recent years. The yield and quality of soybeans is closely related to the population dynamics of the aphids that feed on them. This research explores the effects of potato-soybean-maize intercropping on the population dynamics of piercing-sucking pests, and other main pests, in soybean fields in order to provide guidance for using pesticides to control aphids. [Methods] Systematic investigations of the population dynamics of piercing-sucking pests and their predators in soybean fields were conducted in Xiangfang farm, Harbin in 2014 and 2015. The statistical significance of differences between treatments was assessed using Duncan's new multiple range method in DPS. Data were analyzed with single factor analysis in SPSS. [Results] Numbers of soybean aphids in two intercropped fields were significantly lower than in a monoculture field. In 2014, this difference appeared more significant in the maize-soybean field but in 2015 the potato-soybean fields appeared to have the lowest pest abundance. Numbers of A. solani in the two intercropped fields were also significantly lower than in the monoculture fields. In both years, higher temperatures were followed by an increase in pest populations. However, although the temperature in August, 2014 was lower than that in 2015, the number of insects increased but was regulated by increased predator abundance.  [Conclusions] Maize-soybean and potato-soybean intercropped fields can decrease the losses caused by the soybean aphid and A. solani, and can also reduce the usage of pesticides.