Morphological traits and bionomics of Chiasmia saburraria richardsi on Caragana korshinskii

Author of the article:ZHAO YuChen；SONG XianMei；CHANG ChunYan WANG XinPu

Author's Workplace：School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China；School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China；School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China；School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Key Words：Chiasmia saburraria richardsi; morphology; biological habits; life history; natural enemies

Abstract：[Objectives]  To clarify the morphology, life history, behavior and natural enemies of Chiasmia saburraria richardsi. [Methods]  The biological characteristics of C. s. richardsi were studied comprehensively in field surveys and under laboratory conditions. [Results]  C. s. richardsi has two generations per year which overlap considerably. Mature larvae pupate during the end of August in 10 cm soil around the base of plant stems in fields in Ningxia. Overwintering adults emerge from mid-May and eggs of the first generation hatch in late May. Mature larvae pupate in early July and the average duration of the pupal stage is 10 d. Adults of the second generation emerge from mid-July and larvae are present in late July. Mature larvae pupate in late August and overwinter as pupae for about 260 d. Arma custos, Camponotus japonicus and Ammophila sp. are predators of C. s. richardsi, and Beauveria sp. is an entomopathogenic fungus that infects this pest. [Conculsion]  The larvae of C. s. richardsi  feed on the leaves of host plants and are an important pest of Caragan korshinskii.