[Objectives]  To determine the effects of varying the proportion of cotton habitat area and their fragmentation on Bemisia tabaci populations and thereby investigate the effectiveness of controlling insect pests by changing crop planting patterns. [Methods]  The experimental model landscape system (EMLS) was adopted to assess the effects of varying the proportion of cotton habitat area (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%), and of two levels of fragmentation (C clumped: H = 1.0; Ffragmented: H = 0.0), on B. tabaci populations in a 2-year field trial. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to analyze the effects of various factors on B. tabaci populations. [Results]  The proportion of cotton habitat area and the level of fragmentation had no significant effects on B. tabaci populations, whereas survey time had a significant effect. B. tabaci abundance was also not significantly affected by the interactions between survey time and cotton habitat area, survey time and fragmentation, and among these three variables. However, the significance of the interaction between cotton habitat area and fragmentation depended on the year, with no significant effects in 2014 and significant effects in 2015. When the area planted in cotton was 20% or 80%, B. tabaci abundance was lower if there was a high degree of fragmentation. However, when the area planted in cotton was 40% and 60%, B. tabaci abundance was lower with less fragmentation. [Conclusion]  B. tabaci can adapt to different proportions of cotton habitat area and the effects of fragmentation were subtle.